The landing site is located in the Antarctic–Aitken Basin region above 85 degrees south latitude on the moon. The fourth phase of the lunar exploration project, Chang’E-7, is expected to be launched around 2026 and will land on the moon’s south pole to carry out resource exploration. “Orbiting” referred to the lunar orbit exploration carried out from 2004 to 2007 “landing” referred to the first soft landing on the moon and automatic reconnaissance and surveying around 2013 “returning” referred to the first automated sampling and returning of lunar samples before 2020. Previously, China’s lunar exploration program was planned in three phases: orbiting, landing, and returning.
In 2004, China officially launched the lunar exploration project, named the “Chang’e Project”. The research in this paper helps observe the layered details of the lunar regolith profile and interpret the data in subsequent space exploration missions. 29 indicate that the WOA-VMD-BD method can efficiently eliminate noise from the data and procure well-defined layered profiles of the glacier. Experiments on the detected signals of the Mengke Glacier No. The simulation results indicate the strengths of this method in enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and its performance is better than empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Finally, according to the BD, the relevant IMFs are selected for signal reconstruction and denoising. Then, VMD is performed on the signal to obtain multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Firstly, a fitness function for WOA is established based on permutation entropy (PE), and the number of decomposition modes K and the quadratic penalty factor α in the VMD are optimized using WOA. This paper proposes a denoising method for ice-penetrating signals based on the combination of whale optimization algorithm (WOA), variational mode decomposition (VMD), and the improved Bhattacharyya distance (BD). In the verification experiment, ice-penetrating signals are inevitably polluted by noise, affecting the accuracy and reliability of glacier detection. Glaciers are suitable scenes on the earth for lunar penetrating radar verification. Chang’E-7 will be launched around 2026 to explore resources at the lunar south pole.
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